Adding machine



Oct.

E. M. CAMP ADDING MACHINE Filed Nov, 1'7 1919 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 E. M. CAMP ADDING MACHINE Oct- 13 Filed Nov, 17 1919 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 4M ATTORNEY-F 471 AFLAM- YL H E. M. CAMP Oct.13, 1925- ADDING MACHINE Filed Nov, 17,, 1919 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ZXQ=7M @076 I ATTORNEYS,

Oct- 13, 1925- E.M.CAMP

ADDING MACHINE 1919 9 SheetsSheet 4 Filed NOV. 17,

ENVENTOQ E. M. CAMP ADDING MACHINE Oct- 13, 1925. 1.556, 756

E. M. CAMP ADDING MACHINE Filed Nov, 1'7, 1919 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 E. M. CAMP Oct- 13, 1925 ADDI HG MACHI NE Filed NW. 1 1919 9 fiheets sheet 7 i INVENTOR 46 W ATTORNEY s Oct. 13,1925. 1,556,756

5. M. CAMP ADDING MACHINE Fi led Nov. 17 1919 9 Sheets-Shem 8 \NVENTOR s :7 BY

Patented Oct. 13, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR MAYNARD CAMP, 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 BLEIOK SYNDICATE, COMPOSED OF WILLIAM D. BLEICK AND D. H. CON- NOR, BOTH 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, AND F. J. PARKER AND J. J. HARRIS, BOTH OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

ADDING MACHINE.

Application filed November 17, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR MAYNARD CAMP, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to adding machines and particularly to that class of machines known as listing machines, wherein amounts may be selectively set up on a keyboard and added or accumulated into a set of numeral dials by the operation of a handle, and wherein at the will of the operator either the individual items or the totals of a number of such items may be registered upon a suitable record by a printing mechanism.

The invention is designed to perform all the customary and well known functions of modern adding and listing machines, being provided with safeguards to prevent the improper handling or juggling of its elements.

A prime object of my invention has been to devise an eflicient adding machine that is easily portable, strong and durable, and that can be manufactured at a comparatively low cost.

A further object of my invention was to design a machine of snnple construction requring, for manual operation, a comparatively light and easy pull on the handle.

Among the novel and useful features of my invention are the arrangement and construction of the key board, operating handle, totaling and printing mechanisms and general means providing safeguards for these elements. Other features, objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description and appended claims.

The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification illustrate a machine containing one embodiment of my invention. In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a top plan View thereof with some of the parts removed so as to show the inside construction of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a view on line 33 of Fig. 2.

Serial No. 338,600.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of a part of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a detailed view of non print mechanism employed in the machine as illustrated.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 1s a view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. :2.

Fig. 5 is a detailed view showing look ing means for the operating mechanism, the locking means being, as shown, about to be released.

Fig. 6 is a detail elevational view showing mechanism for the operations of totaling, sub-totaling, elimination, and non-printin F 7 is a detail view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 but viewed from the opposite side.

Fig. 8 is a plan view on a larger scale of one of the frames containing a column of numeral keys and other parts associated therewith.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 10 is an end view of same.

Fig. 11 is a detail view of a part of the printing mechanism with the parts shown in normal position.

Fig. 12 is a similar view of the same mechanism showing the parts as arranged during printing.

Fig. 13 is a like view of the same parts at the same time in a column in which no key has been depressed.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing various parts of the mounting for the operating handle, the parts being shown dis assembled.

Fig. 15 is a front view showing the handle and its mounting and Fig. 16 is a side View of same.

Before making a detailed description of the machine shown a brief general statement will be made of some of the features of the machine.

The machine has four prime functions viz: Addition or accumulation, totalling, sub-totalling and elimination or non-adding. A fifth function, printing, is commonly performed with all the other four functions. In addition to the above, non-print mechanism is provided to disable, upon depression of the non-print key, the printing mechanism and paper carriage so that no printing or paper feeding will occur.

A keyboard is accordingly provided containing numeral keys, a total key, a subtotal key, an elimination or non-add key, a non-print key, a repeat key and a keyboard release or restoring key.

As seen in the drawings, the working parts are mounted between a forward set of side frames A, A and a rear set of side frames B, B mounted on a base C (see Figs. 2 and 5). The machine is enclosed in a case designed to be as dust-proof as possible.

A handle 1, demountably located upon the right end of the transverse operating shaft 2, furnishes means by which the machine is operated. Power is transmitted from the handle shaft 2 to the index shaft 13 and therefrom the accumulating and printing sections are operated. Amounts are added into a set of visible numeral dials disposed transversely at the rear of the keyboard and are co-incidentally printed upon a record sheet carried on a platen mounted at the rear of the machine.

In describing my invention in detail, I will take up the different elements and functions of the machine in a sequence that will make the operation of the entire device easy to understand.

Throughout this description and specification, in all references to direction of rotation of any member in which the terms clockwise or anti-clockwise are used, the parts so described are to be regarded as being viewed from the right hand side of the machine.

Operating handle and power shaft.

The operating member or handle 1 through its hub 1 is arranged demountably on the shaft 2 (Figs. 14 to 16), the shaft itself being supported by lugs or bearings on the base C. When the handle is in operative position on the shaft 2 the arcuate lug 1 on said hub 1" contacts a lug 4* on the hub P which is pinned at 4 to the shaft 2. A pin 1 in the hub 1 then lies in the transverse groove 2 in the shaft 2. These parts are normally and yieldingly held in operative position, as described, by a spring 5 secured at one end on the base by a clip 5 and screws 5". Vhen the handle is rotated in a reverse or clockwise direction until the lugs 1 and 4* are separated at their rear ends only by the transversely projecting rear end 5 of the spring 5, the pin 1 will have passed out of the groove 2 and the handle can he slipped off the shaft, the pin 1 passing over the flattened end of the shaft. The handle can be again mounted on the shaft 2 by the reverse of the above operation, the end 5 of the spring being first pushed laterally by the face of the lug 1 and snapping into place when the handle is moved forwardly. The

spring 5 tends to take up or prevent any shock to the mechanism which would be caused by the sudden arresting of the handle at the end of its rearward movement.

The shaft 2 is provided with two operating plates 4 and 4 fastened to the shaft through their hubs respectively (see Figs. 3 and 5). Two bosses 3 and 3 on the base serve respectively as stops for the extreme forward and rear positions of the operating mechanism through contact with the right operating plate 4. These operating plates 4; and L carry certain operating parts which have to do with functions of the machine to be described later.

The shaft 2 is further provided with a downwardly extending arm 2 (see Fig. l) to which is pivotally connected the front end of a link 6. The arm 2 swings in the channel or groove 3 in the base. The link 6 extends reaiwvardly and is guided at its rear by a stud 3 in the lug 3 on the base C, the stud 3 being arranged in the longitudinal slot 6 in the link 6. The rear end of the link 6 carries a stud 6" which serves as the rear support for a motive or return spring 7, the forward end of which is anchored to the hook 7 in the base 3. The motive spring 7 is thus arranged to hold the right operating plate 4 in contact with the stop lug 3 and to therefore return the mechanism to normal position when the handle 1 has been pulled forward and is released. The link 6 is introduced into this mechanism in order to secure longer and more efficient, even tensioned motive springs than would be practicable if the springs were directly connected to the arm 2*.

Power transmission.

Power to operate the machine is applied from the handle 1 through the shaft 2 and in the following manner.

The left operating plate 4 (see Fig. 5) carries a driving stud 8 to which is connected the forward end of the drive spring 9 and which supports the slotted forward end of the restoring bar 10. The rearward ends of the spring 9 and restoring bar 10 are carried on the stud 12 in the left main cam plate 11 The right hand main cam plate 11 and left hand main cam plate 11 are mounted on hubs and pinned to the index shaft 13. These cam plates have various functions among which is the control of the converging levers 14 through the restoring bail 15 carried at its ends by the cam plates 11 and 11 These functions will be fully discussed under the headings Accumulating and Printing.

The index shaft 13 has secured thereto an arm 13 pivotally connected to the lower end of the body of a dashpot 16 at 16, the upper end of the piston rod of the dashpot being supported pivotally at 16 in the left side frame. This dashpot may be and desirably is constructed as set forth and claimed in my co-pending application for Letters Patent filed by me November 17th, 1919, Serial No. 338,599.

It will be seen from the above that when the handle 1 is pulled forward and the left operating plate 4 rotated in anti-clock.vise direction, the main cam plate 11 and index shaft will be yieldingly rotated in the same direction. Should the handle 1 be pulled forward at a greater speed than the adjustments in the dashpot will permit the index shaft to travel, the drive spring 9 will be distended and the stud 8 will leave the rear of the slot 10 in the slotted restoring bar 10 and advance in said slot. \Vhen the handle reaches its extreme forward position, a hook 17, pivotally mounted at 17 in the left side frame A will, impelled by the spring 17", engage a stop shoulder 4 on the left op erating plate 4?, and retain latter in its forward position until the index shaft has reached the forward position. Just before this happens the nose 10 on the slotted restoring bar 10, will engage the lug 17 on the hook 17 and lift same out of engagement with said shoulder 4 thus releasing the entire mechanism to be restored by the motive spring 7. During the return stroke, the slotted restoring bar 10 maintains the constant, normal relation between the handle and index sections, the lug 8 engaging the bottom of the slot 10 and forcing the bar 10 with the parts connected thereto rearwardly.

The above described mechanism constitutes a safety device to prevent abuse of the machine by too rapid operation of the handle or by jerking same.

An inspection of the normal positions of the centers 2, 8 and 12 will reveal the fact that the stud 8, when the operating plate 4 has returned to normal position shown in Fig. 5, has passed over and beyond a straight line drawn between 2 and 12. In other words, the slotted restoring bar 10 passes over a dead center 18 to its home position. As a result of this arrangement, any movement of the index section (that is, that section of the mechanism controlled by the index shaft) forwardly of the normal position is prevented until the center 8 has passed the point 18 at which point the index section is in exactly normal position since the point 18 and the point 8 are equidistant from the aforesaid straight line between 2 and 1% An advantage of this movement, which for all practical purposes may be regarded as lost motion in the index section, is that it allows time before the index section passes forwardly of its normal position for the reversal of the full stroke pawl 19. This pawl is mounted on the stud 19 in the right side frame (Fig.

3). A spring 19 tends to hold the pawl 15) in its central position. The arcuate face t of the right operating plate i concentric with shaft 2 is provided with notches P which engage the corners 19 of the full stroke pawl 19 during the travel of the right operating plate at in one direction or the other. Having therefore once started a forward or backward stroke of the handle shaft 2, the movement must be continued to completion in order to allow the full stroke pawl 19 to drop off the ends of the surface and reverse itself.

A further advantage of the lost motion in the index section, referred to above, is that time is provided to operate the latch (56 releasing the sectors 59 from mesh with the pinions 60 after the index section has come to a rest, as will be hereinafter described. A still further function performed during this lost motion is the lateral shifting of the index slides 35, explained in the keyboard description.

Keg board.

' a single series of vertical numeral key stems 20 (see Figs. 1, 8, 9 and 10), numbered from 1 to 9 inclusive, mounted in unit frames 21 therefor, together with other associated parts common to each unit frame. The unit frames themselves are supported on two transverse braces or supports :22 and 23 (see Figs. i and 9) at the front and rear of the machine whose ends are tenoned in the side frames A. These braces are provided with spacing lugs 22 and 23 which are bent up between and engage the bottom edges of the unit frames, thus locating same laterally. The unit frames are located or held in proper position longitudinally by a third transverse brace or bar 25 whose projecting flange 25 is mortised into each unit frame. A fourth transverse brace or bar 26 serves to locate laterally the front upper ends of the unit frames, they bein mortised thereto. The two last mentionec braces and 26 serve to lock down in place the keyboard top plates 27 each extending between two adjacent columns of keys as shown in Fig. 1, and to bind the entire keyboard seetion together, the braces 25 and 26 being detachably secured in position by means of the screws 28 and 29.

The key stems 20 are yieldingly supported in normal or elevation position in the unit frames 21 by the springs 20". 11011 the keys are depressed, the lugs 20 on the key stems pass under the lower edges of a flexible shutter 30 of which there is one for each bank or column of numeral keys. These flexible shutters extend longitudinally of the respective unit frames and are pivotally mounted as at 30", to the lugs 21 on the unit frames. The shutter 30 is yield ingly held in operative position by a spring 30 and will act to restrain or hold any key in depressed position, but will release same if another key in the same column be depressed, since the lug 20 on the newly depressed key will throw the lower edge 30 of the shutter out of contact with the lug 20 of the formerly depressed key and allow its spring 20 to restore it.

Adjacent to the key stems of each column are two longitudinally slidable plates 31 and 32. The plate 31, sliding via grooves on the studs 21 fixed in frame 21 is employed to retain the lower ends of the key stems in position in the frame 21 in addition to its other functions.

This plate 31 which is called herein the initial stop slide is provided with nine cam faces 31 co-acting with lugs 20 on the key stems, the lugs and cam faces being so arranged as to produce, upon the depression of any key in the series, a forward movement of the plate 31. The said plate has also a forward projection 31 which contacts the initial stop 33 for that column at 33 (see Fig. 4). The initial stops are placed side by side upon a transverse shaft 34 and are designed to act as detents co-acting with the lugs 35 to limit the movement forward of the index slides 35 when the handle is operated with no key depressed. The depression of a key, however, will move the initial stop slide 31 forwardly and rotate the proper initial stop 33 from the path of the lug 35 on the corresponding index slide and allow the index slide, when the handle is operated, to move to a position determined, as will be explained, by the depressed key. The forward motion of the initial stOp slide 31 also swings forward the transverse bail 36 against the action of its spring 36". This bail 36 is pivoted on the heads of the two screws 28 in the side frames A and is arranged to control the locking of the total 37 and sub-total 38 keys (see Fig. 3) against depression when any numeral key is depressed, in a manner which will be described later.

The index slides 35 extend longitudinally of the key frame 21 and when in operative position are located in the same vertical plane with the key stems 20 in the corresponding frame 21. They are each designed with a series of stops 35 which respectively engage the lower rear edges 20 of the key stems or stops 20 which thereby limit the travel forward of the index slides when same are released and handle is actuated. The ninth key stem, however, has no corresponding stop on the index slide, the ninth stop for index slide being a fixed part in the machine proper which will be referred to later. It is to be understood that the amount of forward travel of the index slide will depend upon which key is depressed, the forward movement of the index slide before it is checked being proportionate to the numeral for which the key is depressed.

The index slides are supported by two slidable transverse cars 39 and 40 hung in slots in the side frames A. This arrangement permits the shifting, at certain desired times, of the whole index slide system laterally out of alinement or any possible engagement with the key stems. This function, performed through the longitudinal shaft 41 (see Fig. 3) and the fingers 42 and 43 thereon, will be enlarged upon later in this description.

The slidable plates 32 (see Figs. 4, 9 and 10), referred to above, are also mounted for longitudinal sliding movement upon the studs 21 in the unit frames 21. They act as locks for the key stems and are provided to this end with lugs 32" co-acting, as will appear more fully hereinafter, with the be fore-mentioned lugs 20 on the key stems.

These lock slides co-act at all times with a transverse bail 44 which is provided with fingers 44 working in slots 32 in the lock slides. The bail has an arm 44 on the right end (see Fig. 3) with a toe 44 contacting the upper buffer end 45 of a spring pressed plunger 45 mounted for longitudinal sliding' movement on the lever 46. The latter is pivoted co-axially with the right hand end of the transverse bail 44 on a stud in the right side frame A. The lever 46 is provided in its forward end with a stud 46 which co-acts with the oscillating cam 47 pivotally mounted at 47 on the right operating plate 4. The pivotal movement of the pawl 47 with respect to the plate 4 is limited by a pin 47 carried by the pawl 47 and coacting with mslot 4 in the plate 4. A spring 47" connected to the pin 47' yieldingly holds the latter in the lower end of the slot, the forward end of the awl being thus yieldingly held in an elevate position. )Vhen the handle or operating memher is pulled forward, the action of this cam is to force the lever 46 downward, the stud 46 following the cam face 47 on the oscillating cam 47. This action removes the spring buffer 45 from immediate contact with the toe 44 011 the arm 44*. This allows the lock slides 32 to shift forward, impelled by their springs 32 (see Figs. 4 and 9) the arm 44 rotating in anti-clockwise direction, sufliciently to allow the lugs 32 on the lock slides to pass under the lugs 20 on such key stems as are in normal or elevated position and thereby locking same against depression.

The lock slide 32 (see Fig. 7) in the right hand unit frame 21 is permitted to move forwardly at the same time, the restraining bail 36 having been moved forwardly by the initial stop slides 31 advanced by the depressed keys, thus locking the total and subtotal keys against depression through the positioning of the lugs on the lock slide under the co-acting lugs on the key stems.

Referring to Fig. 3, it is evident that as the stud 46 on the lever 46 follows the lower edge of the cam during the entire stroke of the handle forward, at the end of which time it is caught by the under surface of shelf 4 on the right operating arm 4. The rear end of the pawl is moved upwardly by the stud 46 during the engagement of the latter with the rear end of the lower cam surface of the pawl, but as soon as the stud has passed rearwardly beyond the pawl, the rear end of the latter is moved downwardly by the spring 47", so as to be in position to permit the stud to ride upwardly along the rear cam surface 47 when the handle shaft 2 moves in a rearward or clockwise direction. It follows that the entire numeral key system is locked during the forward stroke of the handle. This situation is maintained during part of the return stroke or until the stud 46 has traversed the cam surface 47 and is traveling along the top 47 of the cam, when the lever 46 is again raised to normal position and the keyboard unlocked. At this point, in the return movement of th machine to normal position, it becomes possible, as will be fully described hereinafter, to set up a new item in the keyboard in anticipation of the next stroke of the handle. As the stud 46 travels over the forward portion of the upper edge of the cam 47, it depresses the forward portion of latter. The spring 47", however, elevates the pawl to the position shown in Fig. 3, as soon as the stud 46 has passed forwardly beyond the pawl.

.lVith a view to permitting the setting up of new items in ,the keyboard before the mechanism has returned to normal position, means are also provided for effecting the release of any keys in the keyboard, which may have been depressed, at substantially the same time the keyboard becomes unlocked. This release is accomplished by the action of a pass-by pawl 48 pivotally mounted at 48 on the left operating plate 4 (see Fig. 5). This pawl 48 is provided with a cam face 48 which, in retrograde movement, co-acts with a roller 49 mounted on the bell crank lever 50 pivotally mounted on the car 24" on the left side frame A. This bell crank lever 50, when operated by the aforesaid cam face 4S on the pawl 48, pushes the transverse release bar 51, against its spring 51. The transverse release bar is provided with shoulders 51 (see Fig. 10) which contact the respective flexible shutters at their lower edges 30 and thereby swing them out of contact with the lugs 20 011 the key stems. Thus the transverse bar 51 acts to release all the numeral key stems at a pre-determined point in the retrograde movement of the machine. 011 the forward stroke of the handle and left operating plate 4 the pawl 48 rocks on its axis against its spring 48 and passes by the roller 49 without actuating same. The total, subtotal, and non-print keys are held depressed by flexible shutters, the same way as the numeral keys and are also released in the same way.

The foregoing refers specifically to the mechanism involved in obtaining the early release, as it is commonly known in this art, of the key stems. In order, however, to take full advantage of the early release, and to set up a new item safely, another movement in the machine must take place. I refer now to the lateral shifting of the index slides out of the paths of their respective series of key stems, mentioned before. This must be done since otherwise, any key stem newly depressed, of a lower value than the one just released, would engage with and interfere with the return of the index slide in that column.

The two transverse bars 39 and 40, referred to before, may be called the cradle supporting the index slides. The lever 46 (see Fig. 8), also mentioned before, controls the shifting of the cradle, in addition to its other already enumerated functions. To do this, the lever 46 is provided with an extension 46 which has an ear 46 projecting over the path of a vertical slide 52 mounted on the right side frame A on the studs 52. The lower end of the slide 52 lies over the arm 4-2 011 the shaft 41. (Fig. The shaft has a vertical finger 42 and there is also a vertical finger 43 on the front end of shaft 41. These lingers, as before men tioned, stand upright between the lugs 39 and in the cradle.

Following this train of mechanism through, when the lever 46 stands in normal position with its stud 46 resting on the shelf 41 of the right operating plate 4, the index slide cradle is shifted to one side against the tension of the restoring spring 42 the slide 52 pressing down on end 42 of lever 42; and the index mechanism is therefore absolutely free from the influence of the keyboard.

However, as soon as the cam face 47 in its forward movement, touches the stud 46 and drives it downward, the spring 42 will operate to cause the index slides to be shifted back into line with their respective series of key stems. This occurs before the index slides start moving forward beyond their normal position, which delay has been fully explained in this description under the head ing Power transmission.

It will therefore be seen that the index slides 35 are shifted into and out of line with the key stems as desired. They are normally out of alinement, are moved into alinement at the start of the handle pull and are shifted out of alinement again at the time the early release takes place in order to allow for setting up new items.

The last unit frame 21 to the left supports the correction key 53 and repeat key 54. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The correction key stands vertically over and is adapted to depress a laterally and inwardly projecting arm 50 (see Fig. 5) on the bell crank roller lever 50 mentioned in the explanation of the early release. By depressing the correction key the lever 50 is accordingly actuated and shifts the transverse release bar 51 which will, as explained before, restore the keyboard to normal condition before the handle has been moved.

The repeat key 54 is arranged so that when it is depressed a notch 54 in the key can be engaged with the edge of the slot 21 in the unit frame, thus holding the key down against the spring 17 \Vhen depressed a pin 54 in the key stem 54 depresses the forward arm of the bell crank lever pivoted at 55 in the unit frame 21. The lower arm 55 of the lever engages projection 56 of the arm 56 pivoted at 56 in the left side frame A. The spring 17 holds the lever 56 in engagement with lever 55. The depression of the key serves to project the end 56 of the arm 56 into the path of the cam faced pawl 48, on the left operating plate 4 and between the pawl and the roller 49 on the bell crank roller lever 50; so that when the pawl advances with the plate 4 it will be forced downwardly by the end 56" of the lever 56 and held down by said lever out of engagement with the roller 49. The key 54 is shown depressed in Fig. 5. This effectively disables the automatic releasing mechanism and allows items to remain in the keyboard for successive operations.

In order to avoid inaccurate operation of the machine it is desirable to provide means whereby when any key is only partly depressed the complete operation of the machine is prevented. The means which I have devised to this end comprise a member 125 which is pivoted to the right hand side frame of the machine and which has a nose 125 which rides along the periphery of the right hand operating plate 4 and is adapted to engage a shoulder 4 to limit the forward or anti-clockwise movement of the said operating plate and of the operating handle. The part 125 has a laterally projecting lug 125 which extends over the rear end of the lever 44 and is normally pressed downwardly into engagement with the said lever by means of a spring 125. In the ordinary operation of the machine the movement of the lock slides 32 forwardly causes the lever 44 to operate in an anti-clockwise direction and lifts the pivoted stop member 125 a suflicient distance away from the axis of the shaft 2 to enable the right hand operating plate to be turned without obstruction from the nose 125 of said member 125. When, however, a key is only partially depressed the projection 32 on the lock slide comes into contact with the projection 20 on the partially depressed key and prevents the forward movement of the lock slide. This accordingly prevents anti-clockwise movement of the lever 44 and the pivoted member 125 is permitted to remain in its lower position where the nose 125 obstructs the movement of the right hand operating plate 4 and of the operating handle as soon as the notch 4' in the right hand operat ng plate comes into contact with the nose of the pivoted member 125. A slight amount of forward motion of the right hand operating plate 4 before the notch is brought into engagement with the nose 125 on the member 125 is necessary to permit sutlicient operation of the handle and of the lock slides 32 to normally permit the member 125 to be raised into inoperative position. \Vith the construction shown, however, the complete operation of the machine w th a numeral key partly depressed is prevented.

Addition 0? accw miulation.

Vhen the handle is pulled forward and the stud 8 (see Fig. in the left operating plate 4 passes the neutral point 18*, the whole index frame (shaft 13, main cams 11 and 11 and restoring bail 15) rotates in an anti-clockwise direction to a point limited by the extreme forward position of the handle mechanism. The index slides 35, impelled by their springs 35, (see Fig. 4) are allowed to move forward on their guides 39 and 40. Since these index slides are linked without lost motion to the converging levers 14 by the index links 57 it can be readily seen that when the restoring bail 15 is rotated away from the point 14 on the converging levers 14, the converging levers will be rotated by their respective index slides as far as the slides are allowed to go. The excursions of the index slides are normally, that is, when no numeral key is depressed, limited to one increment of travel by the innermost teeth at the bottom of the initial stops 33. But when a numeral key is depressed, and the corresponding initial stop is thereby removed from the path of the index slide, as heretofore explained, the slide will continue its forward motion until the depressed key is engaged with the proper step on the index slide. If the 9 key is depressed, the point 14 of the converging lever contacts with the shaft 58 to stop the indexing mechanism in position for the 9 key. In that case, the only function performed by the 9 key is to trip the initial IIIII stop 33 and operate the transverse bail 36 at the forward end of the machine, referred to before.

The index sectors 59 of the accumulating means (see Figs. 3 and f) are mounted slidably on the hubs 14 in tle converging levers and are capable of being raised into mesh with the pinions 60 on the indicating or registering numeral or accumulator wheels 61, being normally out of mesh therewith. This meshing occurs in every normal forward stroke of the handle at the moment the index mechanism reaches the 9th stop or stop for the 9 key. The right main cam plate ll is provided with a cam surface 11 coacting with a roller 62 (see Fig. 3) carried by the bell crank lever 63. This lever is mounted on the shafts 58. Fixed likewise to the same shaft are two arms 64 (see Fig. 4;) carrying a transverse shaft 65 extending through the slots 59 in the index sectors. At the moment the index mechanism reaches the ninth stop, the cam ll raises the roller 62 and rotates the shaft 58 and associated sector lifting mechanism in anti-clockwise direction thus elevating the shaft 65 and raising the index sectors 59 into mesh with the pinions 60. They are held in mesh by the latch 66 (see Fig. whose hook (36 drops over the lug 63 on the lever in obedience to the tension of the spring 42 This action also raises the type bars 67, which are mounted on the rearward ends of the converging levers let at 14:, either one increment to the 0 position, or to any position corresponding to that to which the indexing mechanism may have been positioned by the key stems 20. The aligning of the type and the printing operation will be discussed later under the head of Printing. It is suflicicnt here to call attention to the fact that whatever numeral keys are depressed in the keyboard, the corresponding numeral type in the printing section, in column for column respectively, are raised and brought into position at the printing line.

The handle can now be supposed to have completed its forward stroke and to be ready for the return stroke, impelled by the motive spring 7 during which movement the actual adding and carrying is done.

The index sectors or pinion actuators 59 are provided with two additional sets of slots or openings. The lower slot 59 functions on the converging lever hub lit and allows for raising and lowering the sector. The upper slot or opening 59 provides for an oscillatory clockwise movement (as well as a vertical one) of the sector about the hub 141 and in relation to the converging lever on which it is mounted. The oscillatory movement permitted is equivalent to one increment of travel 01' one tooth space nssevse of the sector and numeral wheel. The sector is yieldingly driven in a clockwise direction by its carrying spring 68. This incrementof movement constitutes the carrying element but it is normally restrained, during most of the return or adding stroke of the machine, by the next adjacent carrying latch (39 to the right, an arm of which has a hook 69 normally engaging the lug 59 on the index sector whether the sectors are in mesh with the pinions (30 or out of mesh with them.

The machine having now started its return stroke, the restoring bail 15, in retrograde or clock-wise movement, eventually picks up the converging levers, at the points 1r, and in whatever positions they may have assumed. These index sectors 59, being held in mesh with the pinions 60, are rotated in clock-wise direction and revolve the numeral dials the value of the indexing on the keyboard.

The latch 66 will keep the sectors and pinions in mesh during the entire return stroke of the indexing mechanism. After the stud 8 in the left operating plate 4: has reached the position 18 (see Fig. 5), after which the index section is practically stationary, an arm ('56 on the latch 66 (see Fig. is contacted by the stud 4-7 on the oscillating cam i7, which rotates the latch 66 in anti-clockwise direction disengaging the hook 66 from the lug 63 on the bell crank 63. The spring (523 then rotates the bell crank 63 in clockwise direction and thus draws the index sectors out of mesh with the pinions.

At the same time an aligning bail 70 pivoted at 70 is drawn by the links 71 of which there are two at opposite sides of the machine into engagement with the pinions 60 to align the same. These links are operated by the arms 64 and are pivotally fastened to the aligning bail 70 at 70 The said links 71 therefore always keep the aligning bail 70 in mesh with the pinions 60 when the index sectors 59 are out of mesh with said pinions 60, and vice-versa.

The handle section is now returned to normal position and its final movement is utilized to reverse the full stroke pawl 19, as described before.

On each numeral wheel 61, in addition to the pinion G0, is mounted a cam 72 with one cam face 72 for each multiple of ten numbers found around the periphery of the numeral wheels. I prefer, in the present invention, to use a numeral wheel with two sets of numbers thereon so as to make the carrying increment 18 degrees, there being 20 spaces on the wheels. Therefore the cams 72 will be double ended. They rotate with the dials in the path of the totalling dogs 73. These dogs are double ended or double armed, the end 73 having an ear bent over in the path of the cams 72 as above, and the end 73 being in the form of a hook engaging the end 69" of the carrying latch 69. It follows then, that the rotation of a numeral wheel 180 or more in anticlockwise or adding direction from zero position will cause a cam face 72 to pass by and thus move the corresponding totalling dog 73 rearwardly and thereby unhook the end (39 of the carrying latch (39.

The hook (39 on the carrying latch (39 is now drawn by its spring 69 out of latching engagement with the lug 59 on the next adjacent index sector to the left. The carrying spring 68 then causes the said index sector to rotate in clockwise direction the value of the slot 59 in the sector or one increment of movement and thus carries one unit into the next dial wheel of higher order. The release of the carrying latch lever 69 to permit the carrying movements may occur at any time during the travel of the index sectors to their normal positions, dependent on the position of the dials from which carrying is done, at the start of the operation. A compound carrying operation occurs wheney er one unit is carried into a dial which is already set in the ninth position. In that case, the movement of one unit given that dial releases, as explained above, the carrying latch controlling the next dial beyond to the left and so on.

As before stated, when no carrying device is tripped otl', the hooks (39 on the carrying latches G9 are long enough to restrain the carrying action in all columns whether the sectors are in mesh or out of mesh. This facilitates the totalling operation as will be later explained. The carrying device per se disclosed in this application is the invention of Andrew Ekman and is made the sul ject of a separate application Ser. No. 3 18,- 711 filed by him Dec. 10th, 1919, and upon which U. S. Patent 1,858,427, has been granted. For a more detailed description of this carrying device attention is directed to the said patent.

Printing mec/al-m'sm.

The printing section is placed at the rear of the machine. A ribbon 74 passes in front of a platen 7 5, mounted for rotation on a transverse shaft 76. Ribbon actuating mechanism suitable for this machine is fully described and claimed in an application for Letters Patent filed by me December 1, 1919. Ser. No. 341,675.

The printing mechanism comprises a rock shaft 77 (see Figs. 3, 4-, 11, 12 and 13), printing hammers 78, loosely mounted thereon, spring 78 actuating same, firing latches 79, and selector latches 80 mounted loosely on a shaft 81 and preventing, as will be explained, firing of the hammers for those columns in which no keys are depressed, a bail 82 to restore the hammers and certain cams, mounted on the rock shaft 77 to actuate the above elements.

The type bars 67, referred to before as being mounted on the converging levers 14, carry, in the housing 83 for same, the numeral type 81 of which there are 10 in each bar numbered from 0 to 9 inclusive, the 0 type being at the top, the 1 type being second and so on.

An arm 85 mounted on rock shaft 77 (see Fig. 3) supports the driving link 86 at 85. The forward end of this link normally engages and is driven by the stud 11" in the right main cam plate 11. The connection at 11 can be disabled however, and the printing mechanism rendered inoperative When the non-print key 87 is depressed. This particular feature will be taken up more fully later.

The hammers 78 are each provided with a lug 78* which is normally contacted by all the firing latches 79 at 79 (see Fig. 11) and which is adapted to be contacted by all the selector latches 80 at 80 (see Fig. The firing latches are all disengaged at every stroke of the machine, but the selector latches are rendered inoperative only in the columns in which printing is to take place. Referring to Fig. 11 it will be seen that the selector latches are normally out of engagement with the hammer lugs 7 8". These latches are mounted loosely upon the shaft 81 and through the walls of the slots 80 are controlled by a bail 88 mounted in the cam lev rs 89 which contact the cams 9O placed on each side of the printing mechanism. lVhen the cams 90, rotating in a clockwise direction on the forward pull of the handle, allow the cam levers 89 to drop to the cam surface 90, impelled by the springs 89, the bail 88 allows the selector latch spring 80 to normally rotate the latches in an anti-clockwise direction, (see Fig. 13) the points 8O on the latches passing freely over the long vertical lug (57 on the type bars and the latches thus moving into the path of the hammer lugs 78 at 80'. Should any type bar, however, be raised above the naught position, the point 80 on the latch 80 will be stopped against the said vertical lug 67 on the type bar and thus the latch will not be allowed to rotate sufficiently to lock the hammer 78 at 80.

After the printing operation a number of the hammers 78 may be still held in retracted position by the selector latches. It is desirable to so construct the printing mechanism that when the selector latches 80 are released from the hammers during the retrograde or return movement of the operating handle, the released hammers will not be driven forwardly against the type stems. To this end I have provided a construction whereby the selector latches 80 are not released until the hammer restoring bail 82 is in position to arrest the hammers before they can engage the type stems. The cams 90 are provided with two steps 90" and 90. In normal position the cam levers 89 rest upon the higher step 90. The slots in the selector latches 80 are made long enough so that in normal position the bail 88 will retract the selector latches so that the points 80 lie just in front of the paths of the vertical lugs 67 on the t pebars G7 referred to above. Vi hen the cams are in the intermediate position, with the cam levers restin; upon the step 90, the selector latches are not drawn out of engagement with the hanr mer lugs 78 at 80. This enables the hammer restoring bail in retrograde movement, to reach a point at which. when the cam levers S9 reach the high points 90 of the cam 90 and release from restraint all the ham mers 78 which had not previously been released, the said bail 82 will block the said hammers before the points '78 on the hammers can strike the ends Sal of the type stems S t.

Each selector latch in the numeral type bar series is further provided with an oilset lug 8O projecting into the path of the edge 8O on the next selector latch to the left; Therefore, when any given typebar is raised to a printing position tlereby permitting the unlocking of the hammer in that column, each selector latch to the right is also restrained by its respective otllat lug 80 from locking its respective hammer and, when the firing latch 79 is tripped, a row of ciphers will be auton'iatically printed to the right of the number erigina.- ly selected to print.

The cam levers 89 carry in their lower extremities a bail 91 which is designed to engage the slots 67 in the type bars and align same in correct position at the moment of printing. I prefer to align the type bars by the tension of the aforesaid springs 89, as shown, rather than by a positive forced alignment. Thus, if any type bar should fail to rise to its proper selected position, due to oil stick or other causes, the aligning bail 91 might strike between the aligning notches 67 and fail to function properly but, on the other hand, no excessive strain would be put upon the working parts as might happen were a positive forced alignment employed.

The firinglatches T9 are controlled by a bail 92 mounted between the cam levers 923 (see Fig. 3). This bail 92 forces all the. tiring latches T9 to always act in unison amhin fact, keys them together. The liring cams 9%, mounted on and rotating with the shaft 77, raise the arms 93 of the cam levers by the contact therewith of ithe cam surface E l and thus trip the tiring latches T9 at each stroke of the machine.

" mg latch members 79 have two functions, one to finally release the hamnrers at each stroke of the machine as above described, and the other to retract the type 8 t after the hammers strike. Each firing latch is to this end provided with a vertical linger 79' extending up into the corresponding type housing 83 and arranged to contact a pin Set" in each type stem 64-. to retract the type stem. it the moment of liring these lingers are rotated in a clockwise di rection by the am tl-l and leave any type stem, raised to printing position, free to be driven against the ribbon Tl and paper 95 which are backed up by the platen 75. its soon as the machine starts its retrograde movement, however, the cams 9% allow the cam levers 9;} to drop back on the cam surfaces 9i, impelled by the return springs 93 and thus the tiring latches and their lingers 79 are retracted to normal position and all type stems restored thereby. With this improved coi'istruction the individual type springs commonly used are dispensed with.

The upper terminals of the hammer springs 78 are mounted in a sliding bail 96 which, as shown, is adapted to be moved upwardly to tension the springs by means of links 90 pivoted to and movable by the cams fil Said springs are thus normally not under tension but are placed under teusion as the firing moment is approached.

Total Zia 9 1116071 racism.

in the keyboard, the unit frame it to the extreme right (see Figs. 1, 2, 6 and '7) supports total key 37, sub-total key SS, elimination key 91' and non-print key 8?.

The totalling operation is substantially the reverse of the adding process, described above. In addition, the index sectors travel forward to their selected indering ositions while out of mesh with the numeral wheel pinions, and return to normal position upon the return stroke of the handle while in mesh with the pinions, thus regislering the amounts selectet in the dials while rotating the same in an anti-clockwise direction. ltn totalling, the index sectors are thrown at once into mesh with the numeral. wheel pinions by the dcpre" sion of the total key and travel forward the distances allowed by their respective pinions, which. travelling in a clockwise directicn, arrive and are left at their zero position when their cams i2 engage the tops T3 of the totalling dogs 'i'E l. (E uc Fl" The de n'ession of the total key innnci'i l v e'lfccts six functions viz:

(1). It raises all index sectors 5*) mesh with their pinions (30.

path of stop lugs 235 on index s (23). It locks all numeral keys sub-total key in normal position.

It provides an index stop for positioning the sign type bar 67 (Fig. 6) to print a suitable character to designate a total.

(5). It disables the latch 66 (Fig. so that the sectors are held in mesh only so long as the total key remains depressed.

(6). It raises the ribbon guide 98 (see Fig. and ribbon Tet at printing line so as to print the total in a different color from the individual items when a bi-chrome ribbon is used.

For function (1) the following mechanism is provided :A sliding bar 99 (Fig. 7), called the total slide, is mounted on two studs 99 on the right side of the sign key unit frame 21. It is operated by either one of two bell crank levers mounted on studs 100 and 100 adjacent to the total and sub total key stems. These bell crank levers may be designated as 100 and 100 for total and sub-total respectively. They each carry, in their downwardly extending arms, studs 100 and 100" respectively, co-acting with the longitudinal slots 99" of the total slide 99. Their rearwardly extending horizontal arms are adapted to contact the studs 37 and 38 in the total and sub-total keys re spectively. Thus the depression of the total key 37 will actuate the bell crank lever 100 and move the total slide forwardly. A lug 99 on the total slide then operates a link 101 (see Fig. the rearward end of which is pivoted to the vertical arm 03 of the sector raising lever 63. The forward inturned end of the link 101, as shown, slides in a slot in the right hand frame A. Thus the movement forward of the total slide 99 effected by depressing the total key 37, raises the index sectors 59 into mesh with their respective pinions 60.

Function (2) is performed as follows: The forward movement of the aforesaid total slide 99 brings the forward end 99 of the slide into operative contact with the transverse lock bail 36 (see Fig. 4:). The lock bail itself is provided with a series of fingers, one for each initial stop 33, and when the lock bail 36 is operated by the total slide 99 these fingers engage and raise all of the initial stops, as required.

The mechanism for function is as follows: The total slide 99 is provided with a lug 99 contacting the upwardly extending arm on the transverse bail 14. The forward movement of said slide, which occurs when the total key is depressed, rotates the locking bail 4- 1 in anti-clockwise direction, against the compression spring 45". The fingers 4+. on the locking bail now permit each numeral locking slide 32 to move forwardly and bring the ears 32 on said locking slides under the lugs 20 on the numeral key stems 20, thus effectively locking the latter in normal position.

The bell crank lever 100 has a forwardly projecting arm 100 which, when the total key 37 is depressed, contacts the stud 38 in the sub-total key 38 and prevents the simultaneous depression of the latter.

In regard to function (4), the more depression of the total key renders the key stem effective as a stop for the index slide in that cohunn, as in the case of any numeral key. The total key being placed in the fifth numeral position, it follows that the sign bar 67 will rise to the fifth position where the total character type S l is placed.

In regard to function or the disabling of latch 66 (Fig. 3), the latch (50 is lifted by means of a disabling slide 102 (see Fig. 6) mounted upon two studs 102 on the left side of the sign key unit frame 21. A cam surface 102 co-acts with the stud 37 on the total key 37 so as to produce, upon depression of the key, a forward motion of the slide 102. A lug 102 on the slide 102 contacts the arm 66 of the latch 66 and thus rotates its hook (36 out of engagement with the lug 63 on the bell crank lifting lever (33, when the total key is depressed and slide 102 moves forwardly.

Function or the lifting of the ribbon guide, is performed by the following means: To the extreme rearward end of the total slide 99 a rearwardly extending link 103 is pivoted. The rear end of this link is connected to a bell crank lever 104 (see Fig. 3) loosely mounted on the shaft 77. An arm 104: on this lever extends to the rear and coacts with the ribbon raising frame 105 in such a manner that when the total slide 99 and the link 103 are drawn forward by the depression of the total key 37, the frame 105 is raised sufficiently to bring the lower in place of the upper half of the ribbon to the printing line and thus cause the total to be printed in a different color than that used in printing items, should it be so desired.

Having described the inunediate effects of depressing the total key, the totalling operation can now be completed and explained. )Vith the forward stroke of the handle, all index slides and sectors 59, in the columns whose corresponding dials 01 are not at the Zero position, more forwardly since the initial stops 33 are raised. These exclusions are limited by the arrival of the various dials at their zero positions, the dials being actuated by the index sectors. The cams 72 on the dials have then come to rest on the tops 73 of the totalling dogs 73 and thus stop the dials at their zero positions. The handle now completes its forward stroke and the total is printed exactly as items are printed in addition. To the right of the total a suitable total designating character, such as the letter T will at the same time be printed by the type 84!. On the return stroke of the handle the total key is released co-incidentally with the numeral keys and the roller 62 on the sector lifting lever follows down the cam surface 11 of the right main cam plate 11 and allows the sectors to uninesh from the pinions (50. the sectors being impelled by the spring '3. Later the restoring bail picks up the converging levers at 14:. Thus the entire index train returns to normal position without affecting the dials, which have been restored to their zero position and the machine is left clear.

After the release of the key board and the unmeshing of the sectors 59 from the corresponding pinions, provision is made to prevent the index slides from being drawn violently forwardly by the springs 235. \Vithout such means the indexing mechanism would move forwardly either until the converging levers let engaged the bail 15 or until the said levers came into contart with the ninth stop 58. The jarring of the machine thus produced would be, objectionable not only because of the noise but also because of the wear and tear on the i'nachine. I have accordingly formed the initial stops with serrated or toothed lower edges 53". the teeth or serrations being so arranged along the lower edge of the initial stop as to engage the projections 35 upon the index slides approximately at an; position at which the latter may be located upon the re lease of the keyboard and the unmeshing of the sectors from the pinions. It is nnderstood that the initial stops are released and fall into operative position at the time the keyboard is released. This feature is important in connection with the early re lease of the keyboard referred to before as well in the totaling operation.

Reference has already been made in the paragraph under the heading Keyboard to the forward movement of the bail 36 whenever any numeral key is depressed and to the resulting locking of the total key 37 and subtotal key 38. This locking is due to the fact that th forward moven'ient of the said bail permits the forward movement of the total lock slide 32, which contacts with the said bail, so that the projections 32 on said slide are moved under the coacting projections 32 on the total and sub-total key stems. The total lock slide is drawn forwardly by a spring 82".

Sub to to Him 9.

The sub-totalling operation inuih like totalling except that, whereas in totalling the dials are cleared or turned to zero position in sub-totalling the amount originally in the dials at the beginning of the forward stroke of the handle is restored during the return stroke and the dials are thus left as they were at the start of the operation, the total in the machine being, however, printed.

As in totalling. there are certain functions performed inin'iodiately upon depressing the sub-total key 38. They are five in number and are practically the same as the 1st 2nd, 3rd, lth, and 6th describet above in connection with the totalling operation.

Functions (1) and (2) are performed in the same way in sub-totalling as in totalling except that the total slide 99 is operated by the sub-total key 38 through the bell crank lever 109 described before.

In regard to function the total key is locked a ainst simultaneous depression with the sub-total key by a rearwardly extending arm on the bell crank lever 100 which passes under and supports in normal position the stud 37 on the total key 37. The numeral keys are locked against depression upon the forward movement of the total slide in the same manner as described above in connection with the totalling operation.

The indexing operations of functions is similar to that in totalling, the sub-total key being in the third numeral position and arresting the corresponding index slide so that its corresponding typebar will rise to the third position for printing, the subtotal type S t being brought to the printing line. This type may print any suitable sub-total designating character, such as the letter S.

The function of the totalling operas tion is omitted in sub-totalling, as the latch 6 must not be disabled since it must operate to hold the sectors in mesh during the return stroke of the handle, as in addition.

Function (6), that is the raising of the ribbon guide, the same as in totalling except that the total slide 99 is moved for ward on the, depression of the sub-total key 38.

The entire modus operandi of totalling and sub-totalling are al ke during; the forward stroke of the handle. (11 the return stroke however. the sectors are in sno-totalling retained in mesh by the latch (36, which is only tripped off after the index trains have come to rest in their home positions. exactly as in addition. Since the sectors thus go into mesh and out of mesh at the same place no change in the reading of the dials takes place and the only result of the sub-totalling operation is t print the total accumulations on the paper together with a distinguishing character to indicate that a sub-total has taken place.

Elimination.

Elimination is an operation introduced during the process of addition or acrnniulation by which the amount iudeyed in the ieyboard is printed as usual but not added into the dials. It is arconiplished by the depression of the elimination or non-add key 

